A partir de uma entrevista meticulosa, pessoal ou online, criamos uma fragrância única para você. Este aroma será sua marca pessoal, sua identidade olfativa, expressando aquilo que você é, deseja e acredita. Baseamo-nos em sua preferência cromática, aspectos de sua personalidade, tendências e crenças. Observamos seu signo e alguns números presentes em seu nome e em sua vida. Se a entrevista for pessoal, faremos uma viagem pelos aromas dos óleos essenciais, obedecendo sempre as notas olfativas que compõem os acordes. O resultado será um perfume único para você.
domingo, 30 de agosto de 2009
Perfumes Sólidos
Criados a partir da necessidade de ser ter à mão uma fragrância para perfumar-se e mudar o humor, em momentos e ocasiões inesperadas. Podem ser levados e usados durante voos, uma vez que os sprays são proibidos dentro de aeronaves. À base de óleos essenciais, cera de abelha e óleos vegetais. Chipre (Acorde floral amadeirado)
Vanity (Baunilha Floral)
Outras fragâncias à disposição:
Patchouli
Shiva
Ambrosia
Mandy e Lavanda.
sábado, 29 de agosto de 2009
As Colônias: Eau de Cologne 1988 e Amazonas
Colônias elaboradas com fórmulas da Antiguidade ganham nova roupagem na versão 2009.
Amazonas - toda a beleza da Lenda das Escamiabas, índias guerreiras que perfumavam seus amados, atraindo-os para as profundezas dos rios da Amazônia.
Eau de Cologne 1988 - versão recriada a partir da colônia predileta de Napoleão Bonaparte.
Patchouli
Único, irrestível e insubstituível. O Patchouli seduz, encanta e inebria. Aroma dos deuses. Símbolo de um época de busca de paz, amor e liberdade.
Shiva
Renovador, transformador!.. Como a deidade hindu.
Notas de Pau Rosa, Pinho da Sibéria e Bergamota. Masculina sedutora. Uma sensação de profunda integração com a natureza e o Divino.
Heaven Scent
Indubitavelmente esta fragrância merece o título que a nomeia "Aroma do Paraíso".
Notas florais, amadeiradas e cítricas produzem um névoa de encantamento e harmonia. Uma obra-prima.
Virginia Fields
Extratos vegetais de Lavanda, Camomila, Aniz, e uma profusão de attares, absolutos e óleos essenciais compõem esta sinfonia refrescante, culminando numa fragrância fresca, verde e floral, com notas levemente amadeiradas.
Perfume Meditação - Indicado para Yoga e Ayurveda
Notas de Mirra, Sândalo, Patchouli, Cedro, Palmarosa e Ilangue Ilangue. Ideal para praticantes de Yoga que queiram aspergir calma, relaxamento e mistério ao seu ambiente de meditação e práticas Ayurvedas.
Alhambra - em Árabe الحمراء - A vermelha
Al Hamra" الحمراء), procedente do nome completo "Qal'at al-hamra" (Fortaleza Vermelha).Fragrância que lembra todo mistério da fortaleza em Granada (Espanha) e que, ao entardecer, ostenta nuances avermelhadas em seu complexo arquitetônico.
Notas de Patchouli, Sândalo, Cedro, Baunilha, Xantoxilium, Gerânio, Bergamota e acordes cítricos.
Sensação de mistério, prazer, encantamento e sedução. Uma viagem aromática inesquecível.
A Must em perfume.
As fragrâncias espirituais naturais
Várias fragrâncias que traduzem o mistério, o encantamento e o segredo da perfumaria espiritual natural. Acordes que despertam emoções nunca antes experimentadas. Um viagem ao mundo mágico e sedutor da natureza em flor, dos botões se abrindo, das folhas e sementes generosamente ofertadas pela plantas. Você nunca sentiu nada igual.
Minha linha de Perfumaria Espiritual Natural com óleos essenciais
Perfumes Naturais Espirituais desenvolvidos com base na perfumaria botânica, sempre de acordo com fórmulas utilizadas pelos perfumistas da Antiguidade. As notas olfativas que compõem as fragrâncias tranquilizam, harmonizam mente e corpo e dão uma sensação de paz. Nada se compara ao aroma de um perfume natural.
Criamos também sabonetes líquido e água perfumada para o corpo, rosto e ambiente. Vários aromas, promovendo bem estar espiritual, relaxamento, alegria e bom humor.
quinta-feira, 11 de junho de 2009
The Queen of my fragrant world!
[...]
Queixo-me às Rosas,
Mas que bobagem
As Rosas não falam...
Simplesmente as Rosas exalam
O perfume que roubam de Ti!
(Cartola)
Aromatizadores (borrifadores) de ambiente
Limpar o ambiente de vibrações negativas, estimular o ânimo, carregar o ambiente com vibrações positivas e alegres, perfumar, atrair clientes em sua loja ou empresa, melhorar o rendimento de alunos em sala de aula, humanizar as salas de espera em clínicas e consultórios. Enfim, há diversas maneiras de você usufruir do poder dos aromas dos óleos essenciais. Por meio de um projeto baseado no Marketing Olfativo, desenvolvemos para você o aromatizador que melhor combina com seu ambiente e com os objetivos que quer ou precisa atingir. Perfumamos cartões de visitas, papel de carta, festas e reuniões. Fale conosco. Temos soluções perfumadas para você.
Óleos para massagem
Nossos óleos de massagem são indicados para depressão, insônia, nervosismo, dores musculares, tensão nervosa. Cada óleo é cuidadosamente manipulado para aliviar o seu problema de saúde. Ou simplesmente para deixar seu corpo mais perfumado e macio. Confeccionado com óleo de côco babaçu, semente de uva, castanha do Pará, andiroba e óleos essenciais. Novidade: óleo para estimular a libido (afrodisíaco).
terça-feira, 9 de junho de 2009
A peek inside an attar pitari.
Long before women were seen in jeans and men wore earrings, unisex was a word in India’s world of perfumes or itrs. The fragrances of itr, or attar as it is commonly known, are divided by factors other than gender. Unlike their Western counterpart, there are no masculine or feminine fragrances. The rules that exist are strict. Factors like the season, the occasion and of course, the temperament influence what you wear and when. The Maharjas of the erstwhile states of Gwaliar, Patiala, Darbhanga, Mysore and even Maharaja Ranjit Singh are counted amongst the most famous users of attars. Amongst the modern Indian dignitaries is former President Shanker Dayal Sharma, who is a connoisseur of attar Chameli. Another President, Dr S Radhakrishnan, was fond of the light fragrance of Majuma. Indira Gandhi used attar Heena in winters. The word itr means perfume in Arabic and its corrupted form — attar— is accepted in the Oxford dictionary. Their pedigree dates back over 2000 years. In India itr has been a part of the cultured lifestyle. The early documented use of itr is in Abul Fazal’s account of Akbar’s court in Aain-e-Akbari. Abul Fazal mentions Akbar using attar along with incense sticks burnt daily in gold and silver censers. Noorjehan, the Mughal empress, is credited with the discovery of itr. Legend has it that she liked crushed rose petals in her bath water and discovered the most exquisite and costly of all itrs — the Rooh Gulab. Legend says that once when she went for her bath she found an oily layer over the water kept to cool overnight, which when distilled became the famous rose perfume. Some ascribe the discovery to her Persian mother and still others say that it was an ordinary woman in Persia, the famous centre of Taifi or rose itr, who discovered the perfume in the 17th century.
ProcessTraditional attar families hold the secrets of distillation , which is a very specialised job. Simply explained, itr is the pure extract of flowers in sandalwood oil. The oil forms an ideal base for perfumes as during the distillation, the original perfume of sandalwood vanishes and the oil captures the fragrance of the flower. No chemical is used in attars and more often than not they are not blended, but pure perfumes made from petals or other perfumed substances. The valley of Taif in Western Saudi Arabia near Jeddah is famous the world over for its rose attar and water. The rosebuds known as taifi to the locals are plucked when they have just opened up and before the sun's rays diminish the oils, which contain the essence of their perfume. The distillation is done in several tin-lined copper pots which can hold about 50 litres of water each. Approximately 10,000 roses are put in each container. The pot is then tightly sealed and the mix simmers for six hours. The steam collected goes through a tube that passes through a pool of cold water and ultimately reaches a large glass jar called al-Arousa, where the rose water is collected.At this point the droplets of attar are still in the rose water, so a second distillation takes place, in which the globules of attar rise to the surface as the liquid cools down, facilitating their collection with a device similar to a syringe. The attar collected in just one of these containers produces one single tolah (about 11.7 ounces) that sells for between 2000 and 3000 Saudi riyals.Rose water has sacred as well as festive uses in Arabia. It is used to perfume the Yemeni Corner of the holy Ka'bah apart from being used in the kitchen and for the two Ids.Rose attar is the costliest since a hundred kilograms of roses yield only two grams of attar. In the traditional process of hydro distillation , the fire, known as a bhatti, is of cow dung and wood. Water and flower plants are measured in a copper vessel, which is placed inside a container know as degh. The scented steam passes through a hollow bamboo stem into the bhapka or the condenser placed in cold water with boiled and cooled essential oils. The more you distil, the more fragrant the attar is and of course, as expensive too. Indian perfumers known as the gundhis have their own manufacturing units for growing flowers.
TypesAbul Fazal mentions flowers like ghulab, bela, chameli, champa, maulshri and rajnigandha along with the roots like adrak or ginger. According to Abul Fazal the barks used in Akbar’s time were sandal, cinnamon and aloe. Animal substances like musk, myrrh and ambergris were also used along with khus, a type of grass and a few other spices.Today the most used varieties of itr are rose, jasmine, sandal, henna, nargis, majuma, kevda, khus and mogra.Reasons, Seasons And OccasionsBaraatis as they enter the wedding area ar5e sprinkled with rose water. The water for drinking is perfumed with Kevda. On a summer evening, a swab of jasmine or khus lifts your spirits in the oppressive heat of Northern India. Kastoori or musk was for winters and Khus for summers. The most famous and elusive scent for the summer heat is the sondhi mitti, literally the smell of earth after the first showers of rain. Some connoisseurs have exquisitely chiselled attardans (containers), often inlaid with ivory and containing marvellously carved cut glass decanters. A major difference between synthetic perfumes and attar is that the oil-based attar is worn directly on your body. The inside of the wrist, behind the ears, the inside of elbow joints, back of the neck and a few other imaginative parts of your anatomy are directly dabbed with itr. Experts say that the smell of the attar is likely to stay the longest on cottons rather than synthetic cloth. And some attars will evaporate in the heat of summer if not carefully applied. Which is why it is advisable to place a swab of cotton inside the ear. The fragrance will linger on the clothes even after a wash. Unlikely as it seems, the tobacco industry is by far the largest consumer of attar, which is responsible for the aroma of cigarettes. The rapidly growing pan masala industry is emerging as another major consumer. Together, they consume almost 90 per cent of the attar produced.Medicinal Aroma Lemon oil taken internally or sniffed, is good for diabetes, asthma, boils and varicose veins. Three drops of sweet marjoram taken with a little jaggery cures migraine and hangovers. Nausea and vomiting are immediately controlled by petitgren oil. The simplest example of aromatherapy is attar Gill or Itr-e-khaki, (sondhi mitti) drawn from mud, which has the aroma of the first monsoon showers and can cure blood pressure and the flow of blood through nose owing to intense heat.Indian itr is increasingly being used for aromatherapy these days. The floral extracts with oil base can be extensively marketed for aromatherapy. Jasmine extract is useful in cases of stress, hypertension and treating skin ailments. Inhaling sandalwood oil lessens stress and can stop vomiting. Applying it on the chest and throat cures dry cough. Its curative properties extend to skin ailments as well. Marigold extract is an old medicine meant to heal stubborn wounds. It has excellent antiseptic properties. Heena is known for its heat inducing qualities and if used on quilts during winters, it is known to provide extra warmth. If inhaled during summer it can lead to nasal bleeding as well.Prices And PlacesKannauj, a small town in Uttar Pradesh, is known for production of Itr. More than 25,000 of the total 70,000 population of Kannauj is engaged in attar production. Some of India's most renowned attar sellers, apart from Dariba in Chandni Chowk in old Delhi, are in Lucknow, like Izhar Ahmed and Sons, who established their shop, popularly known as Sugandhco, in 1850. Asghar Ali Mohammad Ali, also in Lucknow and established in the early 1800s is one of the oldest traders. They own attar perfumeries in Kannauj. Bombay has its own, rather miniscule, share of attar walas in Mohammad Ali Road. Most towns have their own old man with a box full of attar all over India. There are various centres for the raw material too. Roses come from Sikatra near Aligarh.Kevda comes from Ganjam in Orissa. Chameli and motia comes from Sikandarpur on the Uttar Pradesh-Bihar border.Most of the attars have been around for centuries and attract connoisseurs who don’t let anything except the season come in the way of their passion. Some itrs that are either restricted or banned. Sandalwood, for instance is a restricted item, but the government releases a quota for manufacturers. Musk is now prohibited since overkill has made the musk deer almost extinct. A few attar manufacturers claim that they can remove the deer's fragrance by injecting it out through its stomach without having to kill it, but musk is a prohibited item. Other rare itrs are amber and myrrh.Rooh Gulab is the costliest of all attars at Rs 3,500 ($70) for a vial of 10 gm. Chameli and Motia are also quite expensive. Attars are priced anywhere between Rs 1,500 ($30) per kg to as much as Rs 10 lakh ($50,000) per kg. For a vial of 10 grams you pay Rs 150 ($5) to Rs 4000-6000 ($80-$120). Smaller vials of 2, 5 and 10 ml are commonly available for as little as Rs 60. ($1.20).
ProcessTraditional attar families hold the secrets of distillation , which is a very specialised job. Simply explained, itr is the pure extract of flowers in sandalwood oil. The oil forms an ideal base for perfumes as during the distillation, the original perfume of sandalwood vanishes and the oil captures the fragrance of the flower. No chemical is used in attars and more often than not they are not blended, but pure perfumes made from petals or other perfumed substances. The valley of Taif in Western Saudi Arabia near Jeddah is famous the world over for its rose attar and water. The rosebuds known as taifi to the locals are plucked when they have just opened up and before the sun's rays diminish the oils, which contain the essence of their perfume. The distillation is done in several tin-lined copper pots which can hold about 50 litres of water each. Approximately 10,000 roses are put in each container. The pot is then tightly sealed and the mix simmers for six hours. The steam collected goes through a tube that passes through a pool of cold water and ultimately reaches a large glass jar called al-Arousa, where the rose water is collected.At this point the droplets of attar are still in the rose water, so a second distillation takes place, in which the globules of attar rise to the surface as the liquid cools down, facilitating their collection with a device similar to a syringe. The attar collected in just one of these containers produces one single tolah (about 11.7 ounces) that sells for between 2000 and 3000 Saudi riyals.Rose water has sacred as well as festive uses in Arabia. It is used to perfume the Yemeni Corner of the holy Ka'bah apart from being used in the kitchen and for the two Ids.Rose attar is the costliest since a hundred kilograms of roses yield only two grams of attar. In the traditional process of hydro distillation , the fire, known as a bhatti, is of cow dung and wood. Water and flower plants are measured in a copper vessel, which is placed inside a container know as degh. The scented steam passes through a hollow bamboo stem into the bhapka or the condenser placed in cold water with boiled and cooled essential oils. The more you distil, the more fragrant the attar is and of course, as expensive too. Indian perfumers known as the gundhis have their own manufacturing units for growing flowers.
TypesAbul Fazal mentions flowers like ghulab, bela, chameli, champa, maulshri and rajnigandha along with the roots like adrak or ginger. According to Abul Fazal the barks used in Akbar’s time were sandal, cinnamon and aloe. Animal substances like musk, myrrh and ambergris were also used along with khus, a type of grass and a few other spices.Today the most used varieties of itr are rose, jasmine, sandal, henna, nargis, majuma, kevda, khus and mogra.Reasons, Seasons And OccasionsBaraatis as they enter the wedding area ar5e sprinkled with rose water. The water for drinking is perfumed with Kevda. On a summer evening, a swab of jasmine or khus lifts your spirits in the oppressive heat of Northern India. Kastoori or musk was for winters and Khus for summers. The most famous and elusive scent for the summer heat is the sondhi mitti, literally the smell of earth after the first showers of rain. Some connoisseurs have exquisitely chiselled attardans (containers), often inlaid with ivory and containing marvellously carved cut glass decanters. A major difference between synthetic perfumes and attar is that the oil-based attar is worn directly on your body. The inside of the wrist, behind the ears, the inside of elbow joints, back of the neck and a few other imaginative parts of your anatomy are directly dabbed with itr. Experts say that the smell of the attar is likely to stay the longest on cottons rather than synthetic cloth. And some attars will evaporate in the heat of summer if not carefully applied. Which is why it is advisable to place a swab of cotton inside the ear. The fragrance will linger on the clothes even after a wash. Unlikely as it seems, the tobacco industry is by far the largest consumer of attar, which is responsible for the aroma of cigarettes. The rapidly growing pan masala industry is emerging as another major consumer. Together, they consume almost 90 per cent of the attar produced.Medicinal Aroma Lemon oil taken internally or sniffed, is good for diabetes, asthma, boils and varicose veins. Three drops of sweet marjoram taken with a little jaggery cures migraine and hangovers. Nausea and vomiting are immediately controlled by petitgren oil. The simplest example of aromatherapy is attar Gill or Itr-e-khaki, (sondhi mitti) drawn from mud, which has the aroma of the first monsoon showers and can cure blood pressure and the flow of blood through nose owing to intense heat.Indian itr is increasingly being used for aromatherapy these days. The floral extracts with oil base can be extensively marketed for aromatherapy. Jasmine extract is useful in cases of stress, hypertension and treating skin ailments. Inhaling sandalwood oil lessens stress and can stop vomiting. Applying it on the chest and throat cures dry cough. Its curative properties extend to skin ailments as well. Marigold extract is an old medicine meant to heal stubborn wounds. It has excellent antiseptic properties. Heena is known for its heat inducing qualities and if used on quilts during winters, it is known to provide extra warmth. If inhaled during summer it can lead to nasal bleeding as well.Prices And PlacesKannauj, a small town in Uttar Pradesh, is known for production of Itr. More than 25,000 of the total 70,000 population of Kannauj is engaged in attar production. Some of India's most renowned attar sellers, apart from Dariba in Chandni Chowk in old Delhi, are in Lucknow, like Izhar Ahmed and Sons, who established their shop, popularly known as Sugandhco, in 1850. Asghar Ali Mohammad Ali, also in Lucknow and established in the early 1800s is one of the oldest traders. They own attar perfumeries in Kannauj. Bombay has its own, rather miniscule, share of attar walas in Mohammad Ali Road. Most towns have their own old man with a box full of attar all over India. There are various centres for the raw material too. Roses come from Sikatra near Aligarh.Kevda comes from Ganjam in Orissa. Chameli and motia comes from Sikandarpur on the Uttar Pradesh-Bihar border.Most of the attars have been around for centuries and attract connoisseurs who don’t let anything except the season come in the way of their passion. Some itrs that are either restricted or banned. Sandalwood, for instance is a restricted item, but the government releases a quota for manufacturers. Musk is now prohibited since overkill has made the musk deer almost extinct. A few attar manufacturers claim that they can remove the deer's fragrance by injecting it out through its stomach without having to kill it, but musk is a prohibited item. Other rare itrs are amber and myrrh.Rooh Gulab is the costliest of all attars at Rs 3,500 ($70) for a vial of 10 gm. Chameli and Motia are also quite expensive. Attars are priced anywhere between Rs 1,500 ($30) per kg to as much as Rs 10 lakh ($50,000) per kg. For a vial of 10 grams you pay Rs 150 ($5) to Rs 4000-6000 ($80-$120). Smaller vials of 2, 5 and 10 ml are commonly available for as little as Rs 60. ($1.20).
Sandalwood (Sândalo)
Sandalwood (Santalum album) is one of the oldest of all known aromatic materials and has a history that dates back over 4,000 years. Highly revered as a sacred fragrance by many religions around the world such as Buddhism and Hinduism, its wood has been used to make religious artefacts and fragrant incense for a vast range of devotional ceremonies.
The demand for this highly sought-after timber has led to over-harvesting, and over the past 10 years the availability of the heartwood that’s required for extracting the essential oil has diminished significantly.
All of this means that there is very little true Indian sandalwood oil available, and this irreplaceable resource has therefore become quite costly. So to ensure you can still enjoy all of its benefits without your purse feeling the pinch, we now offer this precious therapeutic oil as a 5% Dilution in Jojoba oil as well as in the undiluted form.
Uses in aromatherapy
The unique and exquisite aroma of sandalwood essential oil is soothing and calming to an active mind, making the oil an excellent choice for anyone who leads a hectic daily life and suffers from the usual stress related issues this can create.
It also helps to disperse agitation and aggression which makes it exceptional for creating a peaceful, relaxing atmosphere around the home. Used in skin care its action is soothing, moisturising and softening which makes it perfect for dry, irritated or mature skin.
Sandalwood is an effective antiseptic which can be put to great use for coughs, colds, bronchitis and other respiratory tract infections, especially when used in a traditional steam inhalation. It effectively calms dry, tickly, unproductive coughs.
The fragrance of this oil appeals to both men and women which accounts for its traditional use as an ingredient in high-class perfumes, colognes and aftershave lotions – or perhaps it is used because for thousands of years it has been considered a powerful aphrodisiac!
When blended with rose oil it creates a beautiful aroma which imparts a deeply relaxing effect that is invaluable with anxiety, stress and insomnia. Sandalwood is also ideal for meditation.
The demand for this highly sought-after timber has led to over-harvesting, and over the past 10 years the availability of the heartwood that’s required for extracting the essential oil has diminished significantly.
All of this means that there is very little true Indian sandalwood oil available, and this irreplaceable resource has therefore become quite costly. So to ensure you can still enjoy all of its benefits without your purse feeling the pinch, we now offer this precious therapeutic oil as a 5% Dilution in Jojoba oil as well as in the undiluted form.
Uses in aromatherapy
The unique and exquisite aroma of sandalwood essential oil is soothing and calming to an active mind, making the oil an excellent choice for anyone who leads a hectic daily life and suffers from the usual stress related issues this can create.
It also helps to disperse agitation and aggression which makes it exceptional for creating a peaceful, relaxing atmosphere around the home. Used in skin care its action is soothing, moisturising and softening which makes it perfect for dry, irritated or mature skin.
Sandalwood is an effective antiseptic which can be put to great use for coughs, colds, bronchitis and other respiratory tract infections, especially when used in a traditional steam inhalation. It effectively calms dry, tickly, unproductive coughs.
The fragrance of this oil appeals to both men and women which accounts for its traditional use as an ingredient in high-class perfumes, colognes and aftershave lotions – or perhaps it is used because for thousands of years it has been considered a powerful aphrodisiac!
When blended with rose oil it creates a beautiful aroma which imparts a deeply relaxing effect that is invaluable with anxiety, stress and insomnia. Sandalwood is also ideal for meditation.
Sage (A Sálvia Branca)
Sálvia Branca
Com formas variadas de uso, pode ser queimada juntamente com o tabaco na pipa sagrada, ou em uma concha ou recipiente próprio, como incenso e defumação. É utilizada para purificar locais sagrados e em várias cerimônias indígenas, como a tenda de suor, rodas de tambores, rodas de cura, por exemplo. Na forma de chá, purifica o organismo. É utilizada para a proteção, o equilíbrio e a purificação do corpo, mente e espírito, para afastar energias intrusas e maus espíritos, assim como para adquirir força, discernimento e sabedoria. Os nativos norte-americanos a chamam de Shkodawabuk. É a única medicina cujo uso é permitido quando as mulheres estão em seu tempo de lua(menstruação). Por ser abortiva, não é aconselhável às mulheres em gestação. É uma medicina que, assim como o cedro, está associada ao feminino.
Com formas variadas de uso, pode ser queimada juntamente com o tabaco na pipa sagrada, ou em uma concha ou recipiente próprio, como incenso e defumação. É utilizada para purificar locais sagrados e em várias cerimônias indígenas, como a tenda de suor, rodas de tambores, rodas de cura, por exemplo. Na forma de chá, purifica o organismo. É utilizada para a proteção, o equilíbrio e a purificação do corpo, mente e espírito, para afastar energias intrusas e maus espíritos, assim como para adquirir força, discernimento e sabedoria. Os nativos norte-americanos a chamam de Shkodawabuk. É a única medicina cujo uso é permitido quando as mulheres estão em seu tempo de lua(menstruação). Por ser abortiva, não é aconselhável às mulheres em gestação. É uma medicina que, assim como o cedro, está associada ao feminino.
Óleo de Côco Babuçu
Embalagens de 100 a 1000ml. Entre em contato conosco. Enviamos para todo Brazil.
A origem das flores
A Origem das Flores
Por: Dra. Alexandra Gobatto
Quem nunca se encantou com a perfeição de formas e cores de uma orquídea, tulipa, dália, agapanto, rosa e violeta? Flores... das mais sofisticadas e vistosas às mais simples e pequeninas, não importa, sempre enfeitam e alegram qualquer paisagem. Porém, não foi para os olhos humanos que a natureza desenvolveu e aprimorou esta fonte de inspiração.
Na verdade, as primeiras flores (parecidas com as magnólias) surgiram bem antes do aparecimento do homem na Terra. Segundo uma das teorias evolutivas existentes, a flores surgiram no Cretáceo, há 135 - 65 milhões de anos, em um período em que insetos primitivos, como os besouros, comiam e/ou danificavam os óvulos (gametas femininos) que ficavam expostos nos cones hermafroditos de extintas gimnospermas. Dessa forma, ocorreram diversas pressões seletivas sobre essas plantas, que levaram ao aparecimento de uma estrutura com a função de encerrar os gametas no seu interior. Essa nova estrutura, chamada de ovário, protege os gametas femininos e não impede, no momento propício, que ocorra a fertilização (união dos gametas masculino e feminino). A partir da fertilização ocorre o desenvolvimento da semente contendo o embrião da futura planta e conseqüente perpertuação da espécie. A flor é, portanto, o órgão de reprodução vegetal.
Mas e a polinização? A polinização, ou seja, a transferência do pólen para a parte feminina, era feita pelo vento, o grande disseminador das gimnospermas. Esse pólen não encontrava barreiras para atingir o óvulo, pois este ficava exposto ao ambiente. Acontece que a partir do seu encerramento no ovário houve a necessidade da intervenção de outros agentes, que não somente o vento, para efetuarem o transporte de forma efetiva: os agentes polinizadores.
E como chamar a atenção desses agentes? Quem seriam esses polinizadores? Como vencer as competições entre si e garantir a constância de suas visitas? Tornava-se necessário, então, oferecer ao animal (insetos, inicialmente) recursos energéticos, ou seja, alimento, mantendo assim suas visitas freqüentes e, da mesma forma, criar uma interdependência. Dessa maneira, a diversidade que observamos nas cores das pétalas (amarelas, azuis, vermelhas, brancas...), o odor (suave, fortemente adocicado ou acre), a produção de grandes quantidades de pólen e néctar (que são os alimentos procurados pelos agentes polinizadores), a forma da flor (radial, tubular, afunilada), o período do dia ou da noite em que ocorre a abertura da flor, constituem um conjunto de atrativos florais e adaptações que são reconhecidos pelos polinizadores, oriundos de um processo de co-evolução gradual, ao longo do tempo, entre plantas e animais.
Considerando que muitas espécies vegetais podem apresentar especificidades quanto ao polinizador, tornam-se fascinantes e de grande importância científica as pesquisas no campo da ecologia da polinização, cujo número de trabalhos vem aumentando significativamente nas últimas décadas. Eles nos revelam esse notável mundo da reprodução vegetal e nos torna conscientes dessa rede de interdependência que existe e que deve ser preservada, pela própria manutenção da biodiversidade e qualidade de vida de todos nós.
De qualquer maneira, mesmo não sendo nós os responsáveis pelo aparecimento das flores na Terra, seremos seus eternos admiradores, com o compromisso de garantirmos sua conservação em nosso meio e de todas as inter-relações que as acompanham. Flores...
Alexandra Gobatto é bióloga, Mestre e Doutora em Botânica pela Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho"(UNESP, Rio Claro), área de biologia reprodutiva vegetal. Atualmente trabalha no Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, no Núcleo de Educação Ambiental. E-mail: mailto:agobatto@jbrj.gov.br
Por: Dra. Alexandra Gobatto
Quem nunca se encantou com a perfeição de formas e cores de uma orquídea, tulipa, dália, agapanto, rosa e violeta? Flores... das mais sofisticadas e vistosas às mais simples e pequeninas, não importa, sempre enfeitam e alegram qualquer paisagem. Porém, não foi para os olhos humanos que a natureza desenvolveu e aprimorou esta fonte de inspiração.
Na verdade, as primeiras flores (parecidas com as magnólias) surgiram bem antes do aparecimento do homem na Terra. Segundo uma das teorias evolutivas existentes, a flores surgiram no Cretáceo, há 135 - 65 milhões de anos, em um período em que insetos primitivos, como os besouros, comiam e/ou danificavam os óvulos (gametas femininos) que ficavam expostos nos cones hermafroditos de extintas gimnospermas. Dessa forma, ocorreram diversas pressões seletivas sobre essas plantas, que levaram ao aparecimento de uma estrutura com a função de encerrar os gametas no seu interior. Essa nova estrutura, chamada de ovário, protege os gametas femininos e não impede, no momento propício, que ocorra a fertilização (união dos gametas masculino e feminino). A partir da fertilização ocorre o desenvolvimento da semente contendo o embrião da futura planta e conseqüente perpertuação da espécie. A flor é, portanto, o órgão de reprodução vegetal.
Mas e a polinização? A polinização, ou seja, a transferência do pólen para a parte feminina, era feita pelo vento, o grande disseminador das gimnospermas. Esse pólen não encontrava barreiras para atingir o óvulo, pois este ficava exposto ao ambiente. Acontece que a partir do seu encerramento no ovário houve a necessidade da intervenção de outros agentes, que não somente o vento, para efetuarem o transporte de forma efetiva: os agentes polinizadores.
E como chamar a atenção desses agentes? Quem seriam esses polinizadores? Como vencer as competições entre si e garantir a constância de suas visitas? Tornava-se necessário, então, oferecer ao animal (insetos, inicialmente) recursos energéticos, ou seja, alimento, mantendo assim suas visitas freqüentes e, da mesma forma, criar uma interdependência. Dessa maneira, a diversidade que observamos nas cores das pétalas (amarelas, azuis, vermelhas, brancas...), o odor (suave, fortemente adocicado ou acre), a produção de grandes quantidades de pólen e néctar (que são os alimentos procurados pelos agentes polinizadores), a forma da flor (radial, tubular, afunilada), o período do dia ou da noite em que ocorre a abertura da flor, constituem um conjunto de atrativos florais e adaptações que são reconhecidos pelos polinizadores, oriundos de um processo de co-evolução gradual, ao longo do tempo, entre plantas e animais.
Considerando que muitas espécies vegetais podem apresentar especificidades quanto ao polinizador, tornam-se fascinantes e de grande importância científica as pesquisas no campo da ecologia da polinização, cujo número de trabalhos vem aumentando significativamente nas últimas décadas. Eles nos revelam esse notável mundo da reprodução vegetal e nos torna conscientes dessa rede de interdependência que existe e que deve ser preservada, pela própria manutenção da biodiversidade e qualidade de vida de todos nós.
De qualquer maneira, mesmo não sendo nós os responsáveis pelo aparecimento das flores na Terra, seremos seus eternos admiradores, com o compromisso de garantirmos sua conservação em nosso meio e de todas as inter-relações que as acompanham. Flores...
Alexandra Gobatto é bióloga, Mestre e Doutora em Botânica pela Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho"(UNESP, Rio Claro), área de biologia reprodutiva vegetal. Atualmente trabalha no Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, no Núcleo de Educação Ambiental. E-mail: mailto:agobatto@jbrj.gov.br
Guest Bathroom.
My daughter of Fashion Mommy Blog page on Facebook has added this post of the house: "I am sharing today on my blog details about our guest bathroom here in Germany. I tried to stay very minimalist about the decor but adding lots of pop of color and with a little nautical team here and there."
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